Note: The adapters in a Mac can, in fact, connect to all the 23 legal
channels in the United States. Some companies may deploy Wi-Fi
networks using non-Apple base stations that allow the use of all
23 channels, as they’re more likely to be available inside buildings
without hitting military and weather radar rules.
Note: In March 2014, the FCC voted to add another 100 MHz for
unlicensed wireless use,
about five channels’ worth, in the 5 GHz
without the same sort of restrictions that have plagued the 15
channels noted above. However, it is almost certain that no existing
802.11ac or n hardware will work in that new band. We may be
waiting for some time before those are available in practical terms.
Apple also chose to limit 802.11n’s wide channels to the 5 GHz band.
Wide channels are an 802.11n feature that uses two adjacent channels
at once—this doubles the raw bandwidth. Apple’s choice was an option
under the Wi-Fi Alliance’s certification rules, but some vendors offer
wide channels in 2.4 GHz.
In practice, 2.4 GHz wide channels don’t work well, because 802.11n
devices tread lightly to avoid interfering with other networks. In a real-
world situation, you would likely see an improvement in throughput
with 2.4 GHz wide channels only if no other Wi-Fi networks were
nearby.
Even wider channels are possible in 802.11ac: the equivalent of four
and eight normal channels in 5 GHz, the only band in which 802.11ac
functions. Apple supports only the four-channel-wide flavor, which
makes sense as there aren’t eight adjacent channels available for
consistent use in 5 GHz.
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