Apple Mac OS X Server Version 10.3 or Later Podręcznik Użytkownika

Mac OS X ServerGetting StartedFor Version 10.3 or Later034-2412_Cvr 9/12/03 10:19 AM Page 1

10 Preface About This Guide • Optimized for the G5. Mac OS X Server version 10.3 features support for Apple’s G5 systems. In addition to benefitin

100 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 8 In the Language pane, choose File > Open Configuration File or File > Open Directory Record to load the

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 101 Setting Up Servers Automatically Using Data Saved in a FileAfter server software has been installed on a server,

102 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 12 Click OK, navigate to the location where you want to save the file, name the file using one of the following

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 103 generic.pass (a file that any server will recognize).Place the passphrase file on a volume mounted locally on th

104 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 7 Enter the setup data as you move through the Assistant’s panes, following the onscreen instructions.8 In the L

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 105 See “Define Server Setup Infrastructure Requirements” on page 77 for some additional infrastructure information.

106 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup Determining the Status of SetupsThere are several ways to view setup status information in Server Assistant:• Af

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 107 Setting Up User ManagementUnless you are using a server exclusively to host Internet content (such as webpages)

108 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup Setting Up Print ServiceWhen you turn on print service, server users can share network PostScript printers or Po

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 109 3 In the list beneath the server of interest, click the button for web service.4 If it is not running, click the

Preface About This Guide 11 Enhanced Network and Directory Services Network and directory services in Mac OS X Server version 10.3 have been greatl

110 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup Setting Up an Application ServerIf you want to set up a Java application server, see the JBoss administration gu

111AppendixAA Mac OS X Server WorksheetIdentify the server for which information appears in the table below:Item Description Your informationIde

112 Appendix A Mac OS X Server Worksheet Disk format (for clean installations only)In most cases, use Mac OS Extended (Journaled). You can also use

Appendix A Mac OS X Server Worksheet 113 Administrator’s short name A short name can contain as many as 255 Roman characters, typically eight or fe

114 Appendix A Mac OS X Server Worksheet Open Directory usage Select one:- Standalone Server (use only the local domain).- Connected to a Director

Appendix A Mac OS X Server Worksheet 115 Using “Open Directory Master” Optionally indicate you want to enable a Windows Primary Domain Controller o

116 Appendix A Mac OS X Server Worksheet Network interface data for this server is in the table below:Port Characteristic Your informationBuilt-in

Appendix A Mac OS X Server Worksheet 117 If TCP/IP connection is configured using DHCP with Manual IP address:IP addressDNS serversSearch domains (

118 Appendix A Mac OS X Server Worksheet If TCP/IP connection is configured manually:IP addressSubnet maskRouter (use server IP address if in doubt

119AppendixBB Setup ExampleThe setup example in this appendix illustrates one way to set up the directory and network infrastructure of Mac OS X

12 Preface About This Guide • Support from home directories—Support for streaming movies from users’ network home directories.• Apache web server d

120 Appendix B Setup Example • An Open Directory master LDAP domain on the server centralizes user management, including authentication of Mac OS X

Appendix B Setup Example 121 “Using Server Assistant to Install Remotely From the Install Discs” on page 83 tells you how to start up other kinds o

122 Appendix B Setup Example 9 In the Directory Usage Pane, choose Open Directory Master to set up a master LDAP directory on the server.Select Ena

Appendix B Setup Example 123 5 To define the master zone’s records, select the master zone in the Zone list. You’ll see that a Name Server (NS) rec

124 Appendix B Setup Example 7 Click LDAP to configure DHCP to identify the server you are configuring as the source of directory information for c

Appendix B Setup Example 125 4 Enable PPTP (Point to Point Tunneling Protocol) if employees will need to access the intranet from Windows workstati

126 Appendix B Setup Example Step 10: Configure client computersThe information that follows applies to Mac OS X version 10.3 computers. For infor

127GlossaryGlossaryadministrator A user with server or directory domain administration privileges. Administrators are always members of the pre

128 Glossary CGI (Common Gateway Interface) A script or program that adds dynamic functions to a website. A CGI sends information back and forth

Glossary 129 firewall Software that protects the network applications running on your server. IP firewall service, which is part of Mac OS X Serv

Preface About This Guide 13 New Workgroup and Desktop Management Features Mac OS X Server version 10.3 improves your ability to manage Macintosh cl

130 Glossary IP (Internet Protocol) Also known as IPv4. A method used with Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to send data between computers ove

Glossary 131 managed client A user, group, or computer whose access privileges and/or preferences are under administrative control.managed prefer

132 Glossary owner The person who created a file or folder and who therefore has the ability to assign access privileges for other users. The own

Glossary 133 search policy A list of directory domains searched by a Mac OS X computer when it needs configuration information; also the order in

134 Glossary TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) A method used along with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of message units be

Glossary 135 workgroup A set of users for whom you define preferences and privileges as a group. Any preferences you define for a group are store

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137IndexIndexAActive Directory 31administrator computer setup 49AirPort 41Apache 38Apple File Service (AFP) 36Apple LDAP 30Apple Remote Desktop

138 Index information you need 80interactive remote installation 83on Mac OS X version 10.3 computers 85optional software installation 88preset

Index 139 keeping backup copies of saved setup data 93local interactive setup 96offline mode 100Open Directory usage 93remote interactive ba

14 Preface About This Guide Getting Additional InformationMac OS X Server comes with a suite of guides that explain the services and provide instru

Preface About This Guide 15 For more information, consult these resources:• Read Me documents contain important updates and special information. Lo

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IPart I: Introduction to Mac OS X ServerThe chapters in this part of the guide introduce you to Mac OS X Server and the applications and tools availab

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1 191 Mac OS X Server in ActionMac OS X Server addresses the needs of many environments. This chapter offers a brief graphical tour that highligh

K Apple Computer, Inc.© 2003 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.The owner or authorized user of a valid copy of Mac OS X Server software may r

20 Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action Enterprise OrganizationsIn large organizations, Mac OS X Server helps you support the special needs of depar

Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action 21 • Mac OS X Server integrates well with existing corporate services, from directory systems to Simple Network

22 Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action • The wide range of client computers—Macintosh, Windows, UNIX, Linux—demands flexible file access support. T

Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action 23 Teachers need file services support so they can make lesson plans and teaching materials available to studen

24 Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action Small and Medium BusinessesSmall businesses (fewer than 100 employees) and medium businesses (about 100 to 5

Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action 25 • Network Address Translation (NAT) service lets employees share a single Internet connection. NAT converts

26 Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action You can write, compile, and debug using C, C++, Objective-C, or Java. Project Builder can be used to port co

Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action 27 Web Service ProvidersMac OS X Server provides the full range of services you need if you host ecommerce webs

28 Chapter 1 Mac OS X Server in Action • QuickTime Streaming Server lets you broadcast multimedia in real time, including live QuickTime Broadcaste

2 292 Inside Mac OS X ServerMac OS X Server blends a mature, stable UNIX foundation with open standards support and Macintosh ease of use.This ch

3 1 Contents Preface 9 About This Guide9 What’s New in Version 10.3 9 Superior Performance and Scalability 10 Improved Setup, Management, and

30 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server Open DirectoryOpen Directory is Mac OS X Server’s directory services framework. Directory services are the mean

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 31 Using Other DirectoriesOpen Directory lets you take advantage of information you have already set up in non-App

32 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server The following services on Mac OS X Server support Kerberos authentication: AFP, mail, FTP, SSH, and login wind

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 33 Group AccountsGroup accounts offer a simple way to manage a collection of users with similar needs. A group acc

34 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server • You can set up mobile accounts to support users who use their computers both on and off the network.Mobile Ac

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 35 • NetBoot simplifies the administration of large-scale deployments of network-based Macintosh systems or racks

36 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server The file services administration guide describes how to set up and manage Mac OS X Server file services. The Wi

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 37 Windows file service provides several ways to manage locks for Windows share points:• Opportunistic locking off

38 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server Mac OS X Server supports anonymous FTP and by default prevents anonymous FTP users from deleting files, renamin

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 39 Web service’s Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) support enables secure encryption and authentication for ecommerce

4 Contents 32 Discovery of Network Services 32 User Management 32 User Accounts 33 Group Accounts 33 Home Directories 33 Macintosh User Management 34

40 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server Network ServicesMac OS X Server includes these network services for helping you manage Internet communications

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 41 Mac OS X Server provides administration tools for service configuration management and zone control as well as

42 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server VPNYou can set up a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using Mac OS X Server.VPN is a network transmission protocol

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 43 Two QuickTime applications that come with Mac OS X Server help you prepare content for streaming:• QTSS Publish

44 Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server JBossJBoss is a widely used full-featured Java application server. It provides a full Java 2 Platform, Enterpri

Chapter 2 Inside Mac OS X Server 45 For Windows users, your server can provide VPN service, file and printer sharing, and Open Directory authentica

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3 473 Server AdministrationManage Mac OS X Server using graphical applications or command-line tools.These tools offer a diversity of approaches

48 Chapter 3 Server Administration The next section describes how to set up a computer on which you can use these applications and tools.Computers

Chapter 3 Server Administration 49 Setting Up an Administrator ComputerAn administrator computer is a computer with Mac OS X or Mac OS X Server ver

Contents 5 51 Workgroup Manager 51 Opening and Authenticating in Workgroup Manager 52 Using Workgroup Manager 55 Server Admin 55 Opening and Authenti

50 Chapter 3 Server Administration InstallerUse the Installer to install server software on a local server from the install discs that came with yo

Chapter 3 Server Administration 51 Workgroup ManagerYou use Workgroup Manager to administer user, group, and computer accounts, work with managed c

52 Chapter 3 Server Administration Using Workgroup Manager After login, the user account window appears, showing a list of user accounts. Init

Chapter 3 Server Administration 53 • To work with managed client preferences for user, group, or computer accounts, click the Preferences icon in t

54 Chapter 3 Server Administration • To display the Inspector, choose Workgroup Manager > Preferences. Enable the setting that shows the Inspect

Chapter 3 Server Administration 55 Server AdminYou use Server Admin to administer services on one or more Mac OS X Server computers.Opening and Aut

56 Chapter 3 Server Administration To add a server to the Computers & Services list, click Add Server in the toolbar and log in to the server.

Chapter 3 Server Administration 57 • To work with a particular service on a server, click the service in the list under the server in the Computers

58 Chapter 3 Server Administration • To access Workgroup Manager, click the Workgroup Manager icon in the toolbar.System Image ManagementTo create

Chapter 3 Server Administration 59 • Use the “Update every” pop-up menu in the Info pane to specify how often you want to refresh data.• Choose Fil

6 Contents 80 Information You Need 80 Upgrading From Version 10.1 or 10.2 81 Preparing Disks for Installing Mac OS X Server 82 Hardware-Specific Inst

60 Chapter 3 Server Administration Command-Line ToolsIf you are an administrator who prefers to work in a command-line environment, you can do so w

IIPart II: Installation and Initial SetupThe chapters in this part of this guide tell you how to install server software and set up a server for the f

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4 634 Installation and Setup OverviewBefore installing and setting up Mac OS X Server, take the time to do a little planning and to familiarize y

64 Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview Installing Server SoftwareSome computers come with Mac OS X Server version 10.3 software already insta

Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview 65 Remote Installation From the Server Install DiscsIf the target server has no keyboard or display or if

66 Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview Alternatively, you can use the command line. After booting the target server, from an administrator co

Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview 67 Initial Server SetupAfter installing server software, the next task is to set up the server. During se

68 Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview When multiple remote servers can use the same setup data, you can supply the data, and then initiate s

Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview 69 Automating Server SetupWhen you have more than just a few servers to set up, consider using automated

Contents 712 0 How to Set Up the ServerGlossary 12 7Index 137LL2343.Book Page 7 Thursday, August 14, 2003 5:12 PM

70 Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview Then plug the iPod into the next server.Each server recognizes its own file, because it’s been named u

Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview 71 The most critical components of the infrastructure are DHCP and Open Directory, as the following pictu

72 Chapter 4 Installation and Setup Overview Setting Up ServicesAfter initial server setup is complete, you can:• Finish migrating data from a prev

5 735 Before You BeginBefore installing and setting up Mac OS X Server, take the time to do a little planning.The major goals of the planning pha

74 Chapter 5 Before You Begin • What user management requirements need to be met? Will user computers need to be NetBooted? Will Macintosh client m

Chapter 5 Before You Begin 75 • Home directories for network users can be consolidated onto one server or distributed among various servers. While

76 Chapter 5 Before You Begin When you can’t use the upgrade approach, you can migrate data and settings. You’ll need to migrate, not upgrade, when

Chapter 5 Before You Begin 77 • Are there air conditioning or power requirements that need to be met? See the documentation that comes with server

78 Chapter 5 Before You Begin 5 Populate the directory with data, such as users, groups, and home directory data. This process involves, for exampl

6 796 Installing Server SoftwareYou can upgrade to Mac OS X Server version 10.3 from version 10.1 or 10.2 or you can perform a clean installation

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80 Chapter 6 Installing Server Software The computer must have:• At least 128 megabytes (MB) of random access memory (RAM). At least 256 MB of RAM

Chapter 6 Installing Server Software 81 • NetBoot settings and images• DHCP settingsPreparing Disks for Installing Mac OS X ServerWhen you perform

82 Chapter 6 Installing Server Software Hardware-Specific Instructions for Installing Mac OS X ServerWhen you install server software on Xserve sys

Chapter 6 Installing Server Software 83 3 Restart the computer while holding down the C key on the keyboard. The computer boots from the install di

84 Chapter 6 Installing Server Software 2 Start the target computer from the first install disc. The procedure you use depends on the target server

Chapter 6 Installing Server Software 85 Installing Server Software on a Computer With Mac OS X Version 10.3 PreinstalledFollow these instructions t

86 Chapter 6 Installing Server Software If the target server has a keyboard and an optical drive, insert the first install disc into the optical dr

Chapter 6 Installing Server Software 87 If you are installing a remote server, from Terminal on an administrator computer or from a UNIX workstatio

88 Chapter 6 Installing Server Software Installing Optional Server SoftwareTo install Macintosh Manager, insert the Mac OS X Server Administration

7 897 Initial Server SetupBasic characteristics of your Mac OS X Server are established during initial server setup.Review “Information You Need”

9PrefaceAbout This GuideThis guide provides an orientation to the features and initial setup of Mac OS X Server version 10.3.The guide will help

90 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup Information You NeedSee Appendix A, “Mac OS X Server Worksheet,” on page 111 to understand and record information

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 91 The device that is mounted as a file system can be the server’s hard drive or an iPod, CD, FireWire drive, USB dr

92 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup Using Setup Data Saved in a DirectoryUsing this approach offers the most unattended way to set up multiple server

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 93 The passphrase file can have one of these names; target servers search for names in the order listed:<MAC-addr

94 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup After setup, use the Directory Access or Server Admin applications to refine the server’s directory configuration

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 95 When a user attempts to log in to the server or use one of its services that require authentication, the server a

96 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup You can set up a server to use a NetInfo directory on Mac OS X Server version 10.0 and later or an LDAP directory

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 97 Postponing Local Server Setups Following InstallationAfter installation of server software on a local computer is

98 Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 11 To save the setup data as a text file or in a form you can reuse (a setup file or directory record), click Sav

Chapter 7 Initial Server Setup 99 9 Enter the setup data as you move through the Assistant’s panes, following the onscreen instructions. When promp