Apple Final Cut Express HD Instrukcja Użytkownika Pobierz pdf (Strona 10)

Filter. An eﬀect applied to a clip in a non-linear editing system.

FireWire. A fast data interconnection standard originally developed by Apple (also known by the standards

designation IEEE 1394 or i.Link, Sony’s brand name for the same thing). FireWire is used for connecting

cameras and external hard disks to a computer. ere are two avors: FireWire 400 (capable of 400 MB/sec)

that uses either a 4-pin connector (without power) or a 6-pin connector (with power); FireWire 800 (capable

of 800 MB/sec) that uses a 9-pin connector (with power). Cameras that support FireWire usually have a 4-pin

FireWire 400 connector. For external hard drives, FireWire 800 provides improved data transfer performance

and is favored by video editors who want the best performance.

Foley. Creating sound eﬀects by watching the picture and mimicking the action, often with props that do not

exactly match the action but sound good. For example, walking on a bed of crushed stones in order to simulate

walking on the ground.

Format. e video codec, resolution, and frame rate used for a production.

Gigabyte (GB). In a nutshell, 1 Billion bytes. A hour of DV video requires 12 GB.

HDV. A high denition video codec commonly used for consumer cameras that shoot using miniDV tapes. A

clever format that uses the same miniDV tapes as the DV format but uses MPEG-2 compression techniques to

t more data on the same tape. Rapidly being eclipsed by AVCHD in the consumer market.

Interlace. A process in which the picture is split into two elds by sending all the odd numbered lines to eld

one (lines 1, 3, 5, 7 … ) and all the even numbered lines to eld two (lines 2, 4, 6, 8, ...). Field one is then

displayed rst, followed by eld 2. is process was necessary in the early days of television broadcast when

there was not enough bandwidth within a single television channel to send a complete frame fast enough to

create a non-ickering image. See also Field.

Intra-frame codec. See Appendix A, “Video Formats Explained”.

Inter-frame codec. See Appendix A, “Video Formats Explained”.

JPEG. Joint Photographic Experts Group. A lossy standard for compressing still images. JPEG-2000 provides

lossless compression.

Kilobyte (K). One thousand bytes. Actually 1,024 bytes because computer storage is measured using base 2

(binary) number system with each digit’s value based on a power of 2.

Letterbox. Placing a wide screen image (typically 16x9) on a conventional 4:3 video frame by placing black

bands at the top and bottom of the screen.

Megabyte (MB). A unit equivalent to 1,048,576 bytes (1,024 squared) generally used to describe the amount

of digital storage. See Gigabyte.

MOS. Shooting image without recording sound.

MPEG. Moving Picture Experts Group. A standard for compressing moving pictures. MPEG-1 uses a data rate

of 1.2 Mbps (Mega Bits per Second), the speed of CD-ROM. MPEG-2 supports much higher quality with a

data rate (a.k.a. bit rate) from 2 to 10 Mpbs. MPEG-2 is the format specied in the DVD standard and is also

used in broadcast. MPEG-4 is a lower data rate version used for web video and mobile devices. For web video,

the H.264 codec within a MPEG-4 wrapper is widely used.

Paper edit. e process of creating a preliminary edit (usually an assembly edit) of your documentary using

paper transcripts. Some people actually cut out pieces of paper, others highlight key text and pull from that. In

the old days of linear video oﬀ-line editing, paper edits saved lots of painful video editing time. Today with

non-linear editing with all their tempting bells and whistles, paper edits can help you focus on ideas and

concepts rather than editing rigamarole. Paper edits are a wonderful way to work towards the rough cut.

Petabyte. 1,000 Terabytes, or 1 million Gigabytes. Today Terabyte drives are common, someday…

Pixel. Picture Element. e basic unit from which a digital image is made. Essentially a dot with a given color

and brightness value. High Denition video images are 1920 x 1080 pixels.

Progressive scan. An image scanning system where each line is displayed progressively (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ...) in

contrast to interlaced scanning. Computer monitors use progressive scan. e HDTV standard includes several

progressive scan options. Video has historically been 60i (60 interlaced elds per second, 30 frames per second).

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