Apple Logic Pro 9 Instrukcja Użytkownika

Logic Pro 9User Manual

Finding and Replacing Orphaned Audio Files623Quantizing Audio and MIDI627Chapter 21Understanding Region- and Event-based Quantization628Understanding

To scroll both vertically and horizontally at the same timeDo one of the following:µPress Shift-Control, click-hold the Arrange window background, the

To zoom inµClick the widely spaced bars to increase the zoom level.You can drag the zoom sliders to step through several zoom levels. Any relative siz

• Left or right on the horizontal scroll barAs you drag, the window contents zoom.Zooming with the TrackpadThe trackpad can be used to zoom in and out

To change the zoom level using the Waveform Zoom button1 Click-hold the Waveform Zoom button. A slider appears.2 Drag the slider. As you do, the wavef

Zooming In on One Section of the ScreenTo enlarge a section of the screen to fill the whole window, drag to select the area withthe Zoom tool.You can

Note: When a marquee selection is active, using this key command changes the currentzoom level to fit the marquee selection.• Zoom to fit Selection ve

• Other windows (No Link, Same Level Link, or Content Link)Working in Catch ModeWhen you work in Catch mode, the visible section of a window follows t

• Content Link: This mode results in the window always showing the contents of theregion selected in the key focus window. The display is therefore al

Hiding or Showing the Transport BarIt is possible to hide the entire Transport bar, providing more workspace for regions,editors, and other data.To hi

2 Drag the buttons you want to add from the Customize Toolbar dialog to any empty areaalong the top of the window.If you drag a button to a location b

Editing MIDI Events in the Transform Window725Chapter 26Getting to Know the Transform Window725Choosing and Using Transform Sets726Learning About the

To hide or show the Inspector in the Arrange windowDo one of the following:µChoose View > Inspector (or use the Hide/Show Inspector key command, de

• Time and Bar: Displays the Bar ruler above the SMPTE ruler.The appearance of the Bar ruler can be changed by clicking the small note or clock iconat

Hiding or Showing Global TracksIt is possible to hide or show global tracks in general, or to hide or show particular itemsin global tracks.To hide or

µControl-click (or right-click) anywhere in the global tracks header area, choose ConfigureGlobal Tracks from the shortcut menu (or use the correspond

To resize the entire global tracks areaµPosition the mouse pointer over the dividing line between the global tracks and thearrange tracks, then drag u

Note: Screensets 1 to 9 can be recalled by freely defined key commands, not only thenumber keys on your computer keyboard. This allows you to use the

Important: The File > New command deactivates all screenset locks.To copy screensets1 Switch to the screenset you want to copy, and choose Screense

To delete the current screensetµChoose Screensets > Delete from the main menu bar (or use the Delete Screenset keycommand).Importing Screensets fro

Logic Pro offers a number of project playback and navigation controls. You can use theTransport bar, key commands, and the Bar ruler, and can also tak

Copying and Moving Automation Data819Editing Track Automation Data in the Track Header821Snapping Automation to Grid Positions822Offsetting Automation

Setting the Playhead PositionThe playhead is a vertical line that indicates the current position in all horizontal,time-based windows. It is positione

Setting the Playhead with the Position DisplayThe Transport bar’s Position display shows the current playhead position in two formats:• SMPTE Time: Th

When typing in a full position using the Bar display, for example, you should type in thefollowing manner:• 3 Space 3 Space 2 Space 2, Return key to e

• Click the Preferences button in the Arrange toolbar, then choose Display from themenu.2 Click the General tab, and select the Wide Playhead checkbox

• Play from Left Window Edge: Plays from the leftmost point of the visible display area inthe active window.• Play from Left Locator: Moves the playhe

Tip: The Space bar can be used to start or stop playback of audio files or regions in theSample Editor, Audio Bin, and Loop Browser, when these window

• Jump Between Cycle- and Project Start if stopped: Toggles the playhead between thecycle area start position and the project start position, when Log

A long click offers the following functions:Fast ForwardStopFast RewindNote: The Apple Remote is compatible with Apple products that have a built-in I

The cycle area is defined by the position of the left and right locators. When Cycle modeis disabled, the left and right locators disappear and the cy

To resize a cycleµGrab the handles (triangles) at either end of the cycle to move the start or end points(you can even do this while Logic Pro is open

Working with Chords916Working with Chord Grids919Working with Tablature Markings941Working with Time and Key Signatures942Transcribing MIDI Recordings

This has no impact on the Bar ruler display mode.µClick the small down arrow icon to the right of the Bar ruler, and choose either Bar modeor Time mod

Using the Transport Bar Mode Buttons to Define LocatorsYou can use the following commands, available as Transport bar buttons, to define thelocator po

Defining a Cycle with MarkersDragging a marker into the top part of the Bar ruler creates a cycle with the marker’slength. Details on creating and usi

The skip cycle area is shown as a green candy-striped area in the Bar ruler.When the playhead reaches the right locator position, it skips to the left

2 Click the Chase tab, then select the checkboxes of all events that the Chase Events functionshould look for before the playback start point.See Chas

The No Transpose parameter actually prevents transposition by the region playbackparameters, which is also not desirable for drum sounds or loops.Cust

2 Turn on or turn off individual functions by selecting the checkboxes in the Customizedialog.3 Choose the appropriate option, as follows:• Click the

Transport ButtonsThis area of the Transport bar contains buttons that literally transport the playheadthrough the project.For an explanation of the in

• Signature/Division: The (Time) Signature display indicates the current playback orrecording time signature in a standard musical format; 4/4, 5/4, a

• Move Locators Backwards by Cycle Length and Move Locators Forward by CycleLength: Retains the existing cycle, but moves it to the left or to the rig

Beat Mapping Audio Regions1042Automatic Beat Mapping of Regions1043Beat Mapping to Scene Markers1045Beat Mapping to Markers1045Editing Transposition w

To open a new SMPTE or Bar Display windowµControl-click (or right-click) the Transport bar display area, and choose Open Giant BarDisplay or Open Gian

To access the Use SMPTE View Offset setting on an individual basisDo one of the following:µControl-click (or right-click) any open Transport bar displ

2 Choose one of the following settings in the Clock Format menu:• Clock Format: 1 1 1 1• Clock Format: 1. 1. 1. 1• Clock Format: 1 1 1 0• Clock For

The main purpose of markers is to tag different parts of a project, and to enable the quickselection of these parts for playback, editing, and arrangi

Opening Marker Areas and WindowsThere are many ways to interact with, create, and delete markers in Logic Pro. You cansee and edit markers in the foll

To open the Marker List as a tab in the Arrange windowµClick the Lists button at the top-right corner of the Arrange toolbar, then click the Markertab

Creating MarkersYou can create markers at any project position. This section describes all marker creationoptions.Tip: You can use the Create Marker k

µIn any window: Choose Options > Marker > Create from the main menu bar (or use theCreate Marker key command, default assignment: Shift-Comman

Markers created in these ways are automatically assigned the names, bar position, lengthand color of the regions they are derived from.To create a mar

• When you hold Shift, after click-holding the cycle, the cycle can be moved horizontally,and then dragged to the marker area in one go.Note: When you

MIDI Click Objects1138Internal Objects1140Channel Strip Objects1142Working with Video1147Chapter 38Opening a Movie1147Using the Movie Window1149Using

• Select the markers, then choose Edit > Delete (or use the corresponding key command,default assignment: Delete).µIn the Bar ruler: Hold down Co

2 Type the marker name in the text field.To edit a marker name in the Marker track1 Do one of the following:• Choose Options > Marker > Rename M

2 Type the new marker name in the Marker Text area.To edit a marker name in the Marker Text window1 Open the marker in the Marker Text window.2 Do one

Note: If you use Return to create paragraphs in the Marker Text window or area, the firstparagraph of the text is displayed in a separate title line (

3 Choose settings in the Font window.Editing MarkersMarkers can be edited in various ways. Common tasks include changing marker positions,coloring mar

This locks (fixes) the SMPTE position of markers. To indicate this status, a lock symbol isdisplayed at the beginning of the marker name.These markers

To adjust a marker to fit a cycleµDrag a cycle onto an existing marker (with a right or left border—or both—that fallsinside the cycle boundaries).Dra

µUse the Go to Marker Number 1 to 20 key commands (20 different commands).The marker numbers in these commands refer to the (serial) order of all mark

Switching Between Marker AlternativesYou can use up to nine different marker variations per project.To switch between the different marker alternative

Logic Pro projects provide flexible options for storing and retrieving your musicproductions. This chapter will provide you with information on all as

Exporting Split Channel Files1205Project Settings in Logic Pro1207Chapter 43Accessing Project Settings1207Saving Project Settings1209Synchronization P

When you create a new project (or use the Save function, in general), you can choose toalso save all associated files (assets).Logic Pro creates a pro

2 Choose a template in the Templates dialog.The Templates dialog is broken down into two areas: Collection and Template.• Click a collection folder t

3 Browse to the location where you want to store the project, then type a name for theproject in the name field.4 Select the Include Assets checkbox i

5 Click the Advanced Options disclosure triangle to view and choose the file types youwant to save in the project folder.You can change these settings

If a project is already loaded, you are asked if the currently loaded project should beclosed or not. You can disable this prompt by deselecting the L

3 Browse to and select the file, then click Open.To open a recent projectµChoose the project name directly from the File > Open Recent menu.This by

Opening and Creating Projects AutomaticallyYou can configure Logic Pro to open or create projects automatically on startup bychoosing a startup action

To preview a project with Quick LookDo one of the following:µBrowse to a project file in the Finder, then click the Quick Look button.µBrowse to a pro

You can also import the following settings from another project:• Screensets• Transform sets• Hyper sets• Score sets• Score staff styles• Score text s

You choose the data to be imported from the source project using the following TrackImport view, which is displayed in the Media Browser tab.169Chapte

Logic Pro is a sophisticated, fully featured audio and MIDI application that provides allthe tools you need to create professional-quality music produ

Tip: You can customize the column view by Control-clicking (or right-clicking) the tableheader, then disabling or enabling the columns. You can also c

2 Navigate to, and select, the required project file.• If using the Browser tab, an Import button appears at the bottom-right corner of thetab.Note: Y

The Browser tab updates to show a track import view.4 Select the data that you want to import by selecting the relevant checkboxes.Tip: Press the Righ

5 Do one of the following:• Click the Add button to add the selected data to the current project (or hold down theCommand key while pressing the Down

• Click the Settings button in the Arrange toolbar, then choose Import Project Settings.• Click the Browser tab in the Media area.2 Navigate to, and s

To reconfigure the memoryµClick the Reorganize Memory button in the Project Information window.At the same time, the current project is checked for an

µClick the Sample Rate display in the Transport bar, then choose a sample rate from thepop-up menu.Note: If your Transport bar does not include the Sa

To set the project tempoDo one of the following:µIn the Transport bar, do one of the following:• Click-hold the tempo value, and drag up or down.• Dou

Time signatures do not affect the playback of your project, but determine the editinggrid in the Arrange area and MIDI editors as you can see in the f

You can set the time signature of the project in the Transport bar, the Signature List, orthe Signature track. The Transport bar displays the time sig

• Mix your MIDI and audio tracks, including effects and software instrument settings, viaa sophisticated total recall mix automation system. Logic Pro

µOpen the Signature track, and double-click the value shown. Set the Numerator andDenominator values (and other settings, if desired).For more informa

µSet the value in the Transport bar’s numerical Project End display (by click-dragging ordouble-clicking the value).Project End displayNote: If your T

Click the Dim Master Volume button to the left of the Master Volume slider, or the Dimbutton in the Master channel strip, to turn on Dim Volume mode.

µClick the Settings button in the Arrange toolbar, then choose Assets from the pop-upmenu.• Select any of the copy checkboxes to copy the respective f

The following should be taken into account when copying or moving project folders:• When a project is saved with Include Assets selected, and the reco

To consolidate your project1 Choose File > Project > Consolidate (or use the Consolidate Project key command).2 Choose a menu option for the dif

Saving ProjectsWhen you choose File > Save (or use the corresponding key command, defaultassignment: Command-S), the current project is saved with

You can define the number of project backups you want to keep by changing the AutoBackup setting in the Logic Pro > Preferences > General > P

Saving a Project as a TemplateYou can save a project as a template, creating starting points for new projects. Not allprojects have the same needs, so

Closing and QuittingThe following tasks describe how to close an open window, an active project, or the entireLogic Pro application.To close an open w

• Logic Studio Working with Apogee Hardware: This onscreen manual describes the useof Apogee hardware with Logic Pro.Additional ResourcesAlong with th

There are a number of techniques to choose from when making selections and editingitems in Logic Pro. In this chapter, you’ll learn about basic operat

Grabbing or Clicking and HoldingThe same as clicking an element, but you keep the mouse button held down.Moving or DraggingGrab the element and move t

2 Type in 45, followed by the Return key.The playhead moves to the beginning of bar 45.You can also use the mouse to make a partial selection in an in

Any number of selected objects (such as regions) can be assigned the same name. If thename ends with a number, this number is automatically incremente

µClick the Preferences button in the Arrange toolbar, then choose Key Commands fromthe shortcut menu.Tip: Holding down Control while choosing a comman

Understanding Key Command Groups and HierarchiesThe global key commands are always functional, regardless of the currently active window.Non-global co

• Save a new key command set: Enter a new filename in the Save As field, then click theSave button.Note: All key command sets are available from the O

Finding Key CommandsYou can use the Key Command window’s search field to find key commands by name orpartial name:• The search is performed as you ent

Assigning Key Commands to Computer KeysThis section shows you how you assign particular computer keyboard keys to Logic Profunctions.To assign a funct

Copyright © 2009 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.Your rights to the software are governed by theaccompanying software license agreement. The owner orau

• If you use the Learn by Key Position function, and define two key commands (one forthe alphanumeric keyboard, one for the numeric keypad), then the

The Assignments field displays the learned assignment. This may show one or all of thefollowing:• The name of the control surface—or the MIDI string,

Printing a Key Command ListYou can use the Options > Copy Key Commands to Clipboard function to copy your keycommand assignments into the Clipboard

Tools are accessed in the Tool menus, found in the upper-right corner of all windows thatallow direct region, event, or file editing and handling oper

The Command-click tool is available when the Command key is pressed while editing.Release the Command key to revert to the Left-click tool.Assigning t

• Opens Tool Menu: Right-clicking in the working area of the active window opens theTool menu with the Pointer tool (and not the currently selected to

• Opens Shortcut Menu: Right-clicking in the working area of the active window displaysa menu that offers a number of area-specific selection and edit

• Marquee Tool Click Zones: When this checkbox is selected, placing the mouse pointerover the lower half of a region (with the exception of the lower-

Within the working area, you can use the Pointer tool for:• Selecting individual or multiple events, regions, or other elements by clicking them.See U

Flex ToolThe Flex tool provides you with quick access to fundamental flex editing functionality,without having to turn on Flex view in the Arrange win

This chapter gives you a conceptual overview of Logic Pro and provides an example ofa common workflow when creating music in the application.This chap

From left to right, the values indicate:• Name of the operation• Mouse (or event) position• Event type• Event MIDI channel• First data byte (note pitc

Using Selection TechniquesWhenever you want to perform an operation on one or more regions or events (or otherelements, such as Mixer channel strips),

Selecting Multiple ElementsYou will often need to select multiple regions, events, or other elements, in order to move,process, or copy them, for exam

To select all events (of a specified event definition) in the Hyper EditorDo one of the following:µClick the event definition name.µChoose Edit > S

Selecting Following Regions or EventsTo select all regions or events that follow the currently selected region or event (or, ifnone are currently sele

• Edit > Select Equal Colored Regions: If you have selected a region or event of a certaincolor, you can use this command to select all regions or

All other events on these two channels are selected.Selecting Regions or Events with an Equal SubpositionYou can select all regions and events with a

Paste at Original PositionThis command works in a similar way to Paste, but the regions or events in the Clipboardare always pasted to the position th

To open the Undo History windowµChoose Edit > Undo History (or use the corresponding key command, defaultassignment: Option-Z).The Undo History wi

To erase the Undo HistoryµChoose Edit > Delete Undo History.Warning: Take care with this command. No undos or redos are possible for the deletedste

MIDI recordings are used to trigger (play back through) either external MIDI devices, suchas synthesizers, or internal software instruments. Software

Tracks contain the audio regions and MIDI regions of a project. This chapter providesinformation on all aspects of creating and handling tracks in Log

Understanding Tracks and Channel StripsTracks are listed from top to bottom in the Arrange track list and extend horizontallyacross the Arrange area i

Track used forAssigned to MixerTrack typeUsed as lanes for folder regions. Folder regionsare simply containers for other regions and arenot assigned t

Configuring the Track HeaderThe track header of each track (shown in the Arrange area’s track list) displays a numberof buttons beside the track name

The Track Header Configuration dialog offers the following elements:• Control Surface Bars checkbox: Select this checkbox to view the control surface

• Buttons section: Select the checkboxes of the buttons you want to display in the trackheader.• Track Color Bars checkbox: Select this checkbox to sh

To hide or show the Inspector in the Arrange windowDo one of the following:µChoose View > Inspector (or use the Hide/Show Inspector key command, de

To create one or more new tracks (and channel strips)1 Do one of the following:• Choose Track > New in the Arrange area’s local menu bar (or use th

Using the New Tracks DialogThe options in the New Tracks dialog vary, depending on the type of track that is beinggenerated.Audio TracksYou can modify

Mixing also entails the use of audio effects, which change, enhance, or suppress particularsong components, adding up to a unified and polished final

Software Instrument TracksYou can modify the following parameters in the New Tracks dialog when creating newsoftware instrument tracks:• Multi-timbral

Tip: Once tracks are created, you can quickly reassign them to the sub-channels of anyMIDI multi-instrument object with the Library, or by Control-cli

Creating Tracks OnlyThe commands and methods discussed in this section only create new tracks. The current(selected track) channel strip is used as th

Creating a Track with the Next Channel Strip/MIDI ChannelThe Track > New with Next Channel Strip/Instrument command (which has acorresponding key c

Creating Tracks for Selected RegionsThe Track > New for Selected Regions function creates a new track for the selected regionson a track. The selec

Selecting Tracks in the Arrange AreaYou can select a track by clicking its name or icon in the track list.This action selects all regions on the track

Naming Tracks in the Arrange AreaYou can use the Track Header Configuration dialog to determine which track names aredisplayed in the track header.To

• If you did none of the above, the channel strip name is displayed.• Track Name: This option allows you to manually enter a track name in the track

To create a track nameDo one of the following:µChoose Track > Create Track Name, then enter a name in the text input field that appears.µDouble-cli

Assigning Tracks in the Arrange AreaIn general, you create new tracks when you want to record or play back new regions.Corresponding channel strips ar

A Logic Pro project file contains all MIDI events and parameter settings, information aboutthe audio and video files to be played, and all edits to MI

Assigning Tracks to Environment ObjectsStrictly speaking, tracks don’t need to be routed to an instrument or audio channel strip,as you can assign any

The pointer changes to an index finger.2 Click and drag to zoom in or out on the track.The individual track zoom factor, compared to the overall windo

Assigning Track Icons in the Track Parameter BoxLogic Pro offers high-resolution, scalable (from 128 x 128 pixels downward), anduser-definable track i

You also have the option of directly replacing the built-in Logic Pro icons, which are foundin the /Contents/Resources/Images folder in the Logic Pro

A bullet to the left of the track number indicates that the track is muted. A second clickcancels the mute state.You can also use the Toggle Track Mut

• Unmuted regions are indicated by a gray surrounding frame (no dot precedes theregion name).Soloing Tracks in the Arrange AreaBoth MIDI and audio tra

Soloing When the Track Solo Buttons Are HiddenIf the Track Solo buttons are hidden—to save space—you can still solo a track with theSolo button on the

Tip: The Freeze function also works with DSP hardware such as the PowerCore, LiquidMix,Duende, and UAD devices. This compatibility allows you to combi

To freeze a track1 Click the Freeze button in the track header.Note: If the Freeze button is not visible, you can display it using the Track HeaderCon

Understanding the Freeze ProcessDuring the Freeze process, the playhead follows the currently rendered position. A floatingprogress bar window is also

Audio Regions and Audio FilesAudio regions refer to (point to) an underlying audio file. Audio regions are used asplayback markers (start and end poin

You can now perform your edits, and activate the Freeze button again, if required.Working with Freeze FilesThe temporary freeze files are saved in a f

3 Click the global Hide View button, and all tracks whose Hide buttons have been activateddisappear from the Arrange window.The H in the global Hide V

Clicking a Track Protect button toggles between Locked and Unlocked modes.Command-clicking a Track Protect button in the track list protects all track

The following changes take place in the Arrange window:• All files on the selected audio track are analyzed for transients, if not previously done.Det

3 Set the following parameters, as required:• Instrument pop-up menu: Choose the instrument that you want to process from: kick,snare, tom, or other

• Timing Offset slider: Shift the position of trigger notes earlier (negative values movethem to the left) or later (positive values move them to the

To bounce regions in place1 Select one or more regions on an audio or software instrument track.2 Do one of the following:• Choose Region > Bounce

• Mute: Mutes the source region after processing the bounce file.• Delete: Deletes the source region from the original track after processing the boun

The Bounce Track in Place dialog appears.3 Define the following parameters, as required.• Name field: Define a name for the bounce file in the text fi

• Overload Protection Only: Allows downward normalization in case of overloads—levelsabove 0 dB, which would lead to clipping—but no normalization in

MIDI Regions and EventsMIDI regions, by comparison, actually contain MIDI data events. They are not related toinformation stored in external files. MI

• Include Volume/Pan Automation checkbox: Select this checkbox to have volume andpan automation performed during the bounce process, with their result

Logic Pro offers an extensive range of software instrument and effect processing plug-insthat are inserted into channel strips. You can also make use

The Arrange (and Mixer) channel strips deal with audio and instrument (software or MIDI)tracks shown in the Arrange area, plus auxiliary (aux) and out

• An aux channel strip, which is used for a variety of signal routing purposesFor example, if Send slot 1 of the left channel strip is routed to Bus 4

Setting Channel Strip Input FormatThe channel strip input format determines the mono, stereo, or surround status of thechannel strip. Note that softwa

To set the channel strip input format for the selected audio trackµClick-hold the button directly below the channel strip’s level meter, and choose th

To set the Pan or Balance positionµDrag the control up or down or left or right.Pan/Balance controlOption-click the Pan or Balance control to reset it

The Audio Units format also offers two further plug-in types:• Generators• MIDI-controlled effectsAs the name suggests, Generator Audio Units plug-ins

A menu appears, showing all available effect plug-ins, sorted into different categories.2 Browse through the categories and choose a plug-in name by c

To insert software instrument, Audio Units Generator, or MIDI-controlled effectsµClick the Instrument slot of an instrument channel strip, then choose

Logic Pro automatically finds and configures supported audio and MIDI hardware whenfirst installed and opened. There are many circumstances in which y

To use the Hand tool in the Arrange channel strips, hold down the Command key whenthe pointer is placed over an Insert or Instrument slot. To use the

Knowing Where Different Plug-in Types Can Be UsedKeep the following in mind when inserting plug-ins into channel strips:• Effect plug-ins can be place

µOn channel strips where Insert slot 1 is used: Option-double-click the EQ area to insertthe Channel EQ as the first plug-in, and move all existing p

Loading or Removing Entire Channel Strip ConfigurationsThe Library tab in the Media area allows you to load multiple plug-ins (inclusive of theirparam

The Library displays all channel strip settings available for the selected track or channelstrip, sorted into category menus.3 Browse through the cate

• Next Channel Strip or Plug-in Setting or EXS Instrument• Previous Channel Strip or Plug-in Setting or EXS InstrumentThe previous or next channel str

You can remotely switch between channel strip settings by sending MIDI program changemessages. This allows you to select your favorite sounds (consist

All saved performance settings appear in the Performances folder of the Channel StripSettings menu.Opening, Closing, and Resizing Plug-in WindowsHands

The plug-in window opens automatically when you insert a plug-in. This behavior canbe overridden by deselecting the “Open plug-in window on insertion”

µSet the default size for plug-in windows in the Logic Pro > Preferences > Display > Mixerpane. This scaling applies to all plug-ins.Adjustin

• External MIDI control surfaces and keyboards. Even external MIDI-controlled lightingcan be driven by Logic Pro.• Amplification and speakers for ster

To adjust a parameter sliderDo one of the following:µDrag the slider vertically or horizontally.µCommand-click anywhere in the slider’s value range to

To reset any parameter to its default (or centered) valueµOption-click the parameter.To make finer parameter adjustmentsµHold down the Shift key befor

When the Link Button Is Switched OffYou can open several plug-in windows simultaneously, and these do not update to reflectany track or plug-in choice

The Settings area appears to the right of the Bypass button.• Next and Previous Setting buttons: Click to load the previous or next plug-in setting.•

• Choose the Load Setting command. A dialog opens. Only settings for compatible plug-intypes are shown. Each plug-in has its own set of parameters, an

The Compare button compares the tweaked setting with the reference setting that wasstored when you last saved your project—even if you have saved the

Replacing Setting-Compatible Plug-insWhen you replace a plug-in with another plug-in that is setting-compatible, the newplug-in automatically uses the

Side Chaining Plug-insAll plug-ins that support side chain inputs feature an additional Side Chain menu at theright of the plug-in window header. This

Hiding and Showing Extended ParametersSome Logic Pro plug-ins may have additional parameters that don’t appear in the Editorview (the graphical interf

3 Click the Insert or Instrument slot of the desired plug-in on the Arrange channel strip.The Library displays all settings available for the chosen p

Hard Disk Drives and Storage LocationsMusic production generates a huge number of large files. These include samples for audioinstruments, loop librar

Learning About Effect RoutingsThere are two ways of sending audio to effects: via an insert, or via an aux send.Using Insert EffectsWhen a plug-in is

Using Send EffectsWhen you use send effects, a controlled amount of the signal is sent to the effect. Sendsare typically used for effects that you wan

Similarly, you can completely change the effects configuration for multiple sent channelstrips by choosing different effects for the aux channel strip

2 Drag the Send knob to set the amount of signal that you want to send to the aux channelstrip.As you do so, the (send amount) value is shown on the S

A post fader signal level, routed to a send, changes along with Volume fader movements.If you are using the send to route a signal from the channel st

To activate or deactivate the Low Latency Safe function for a particular sendµClick-hold the appropriate Send slot, then choose Low Latency Safe from

Tip: Many of the setup and routing tasks described in this section can be done once, andsaved with a template. This means that all of these preliminar

Choose Window > Environment (or use the Open Environment key command, defaultassignment: Command-8) to look at this object.Another thing that happ

3 Click GM Device in the left column of the Library tab. Sixteen entries appear in the rightcolumn: 1 (Grand Piano), 2 (Polysynth), and so on.298 Cha

4 Click the disclosure triangle to the left of the GM Device 1 entry in the Inspector to openthe Track Parameter box, if not already open.There are tw

Welcome to Logic Pro17PrefaceAbout Logic Pro17About the Logic Pro Documentation18Additional Resources19Introducing Logic Pro21Chapter 1Creating Music

MIDI InterfaceYour Mac computer does not provide MIDI inputs or outputs. If you want to use MIDIdevices equipped with MIDI ports, a MIDI interface is

To reassign tracks to channels using the Library tab1 Click the New Tracks button (the plus sign above the track list) in the Arrange window.2 In the

Note: There are diagonal lines running through each of the 16 sub-channel boxes. ThePort and Channel parameters are shown to the left of the Environme

• If you use the Track Parameter box Transposition parameter, the entire EXS24 mkIIdrum kit (instrument channel strip 1) will be affected. This will r

• No Reset: Turn on the No Reset parameter to prevent reset messages from being sentto this channel strip. This can be useful if controllers are being

• Program, Volume, and Pan: Transmit program changes, volume controller (CC #7), andpan controller (CC #10) information. If the respective box is unse

Inserting Program Change, Volume, and Pan as MIDI EventsThe MIDI > Insert Instrument MIDI Settings as Events command allows you to insert theprogra

7 Insert the effects in the Insert slots of the channel strip.As the track is routed to an instrument channel strip (which is being used for an extern

The Record button of selected software instrument tracks gives visual feedback of thecurrent state of a software instrument:Selected instrument, not y

Tuning Software InstrumentsThe File > Project Settings > Tuning > Software Instrument Pitch parameter remotelycontrols the main tuning parame

2 Click the Hermode Tuning (HMT) button.A No HMT checkbox appears in the Track Parameter box of all instrument channel strips.3 Select this checkbox t

Note: This control surface plug-in requires additional hardware that is not included withLogic Pro.Synthesizers and MIDI-Controlled EffectsLogic Pro p

Important: Start Logic Pro first, then start your ReWire application(s).When these applications are open alongside Logic Pro, synchronized audio infor

2 Choose Options > Create New Auxiliary Channel Strips in the Mixer’s local menu bar.3 Create as many aux channel strips as required, with the appr

2 Connect the output (or output pair) of your effects unit with an input (pair) on your audiointerface.Note: These can be either analog or digital con

Using Plug-ins from Other ManufacturersLogic Pro can act as a host for (compliant, correctly installed and authorized) Audio Unitseffect and instrumen

You can see the results of the validation scan (for all Audio Units and “wrapped” VSTplug-ins) in the Compatibility column of the Audio Units Manager

If you encounter problems with manually activated failed plug-ins, click the Disable FailedAudio Units button in the Audio Units Manager window.Warnin

Disabling Plug-insThe Audio Units Manager also allows you to disable Audio Units plug-ins that you don’twant to use in Logic Pro, even if they pass th

Prerecorded media plays an important role in modern audio production. Combiningexisting audio loops and other files provides a quick method for laying

Logic Pro also supports Broadcast Wave files, which can contain timestamp information.Files that provide timestamp information can be recognized by a

ReCycle FilesReCycle (REX, RCY) files are generated in Propellerhead ReCycle software. These are similarto Apple Loops audio files, in that they conta

To facilitate this, an amplifier and speakers are required. You can certainly use headphones,connected to the headphone jack of your audio interface,

Navigating in the BrowserYou can switch the Browser between two views: List view and Column view.List view Column view• List view displays folders an

To navigate in the Browser using the bookmark buttonsµClick one of the bookmark buttons: Computer, Home, or Project.• Computer: Shows all volumes (ha

Restricting the search to a particular folder or volume speeds things up.2 Type the search term into the search field and press Return.Tip: For exampl

2 Choose any search term from the menu to display the search results.To clear all recent search termsµClick the magnifying glass icon at the left side

To remove a single advanced condition rowµClick the minus (–) icon beside the row.This feature is handy when you’ve been a little too specific in your

Additional pop-up menus/fieldsSecond menuFirst menuPop-up menu, in which you can choose betweenthe following options: AIFF, Apple Loops,WAV (BWF), Ap

To access the Loop Browser in the Arrange windowµClick the Media button in the Arrange toolbar, then click the Loop tab (or use the ToggleLoop Browser

Green and blue Apple Loops can be added to audio tracks, or directly to an empty Arrangearea or track. In the Arrange area, they look like normal audi

When you place Software Instrument Apple Loops on audio tracks, they are imported asaudio regions (and behave like blue Apple Loops). The processing l

To limit the Loop Browser display to a particular time signatureµChoose a time signature from the Signature pop-up menu.Browsing for Apple LoopsThere

Microphone inputs differ from line-level inputs in that they provide power (known asphantom power), which is used to amplify the incoming signal from

Column view offers a standard Mac OS X column file directory that is hierarchicallyseparated into All, By Genres, By Instruments, By Moods, and Favori

The value in brackets indicates the number of files that fall into this subcategory (Beats).The files are shown in the file list below.To browse for A

As you can see from this example, the use of multiple category buttons makes it easy torestrict the number of Apple Loops that are shown in the file l

This defaults to the project key, but you can also choose to audition the loop in its originalkey or any key from C to B.To stop playbackµClick the sp

Creating a Collection of Your Favorite Apple LoopsThe Fav (Favorites) column offers a checkbox for every displayed loop. Simply select thisbox to add

Adding and Removing Audio FilesYou can add audio directly to the Arrange area, or to the Audio Bin, using any of themethods covered in this section.•

4 Click the Play button to preview the selected audio file.The Play button is renamed Stop. Click it to halt playback.5 Click the Open button to add t

• Copy audio file names to track names: Uses the filenames to rename tracks. This optionis only available when used in conjunction with the “Create ne

The dialog below opens.2 Browse to and select an audio file.You can audition it by clicking the Play button.3 Click the Add button.The file is shown i

To remove one or more files from the current project1 Select the filenames in the Audio Bin.2 Press Delete.The file is deleted from the project, but n

Note: Condenser microphones require power to function. This can be provided by aseparate pre-amplifier or a phantom powered mixing console.Connecting

Audio regions that point to compressed audio files are denoted by the following symbol:Compressed audio file symbol To convert compressed AAC, MP3, an

The calculation of audio file overview data is shown in a window. This calculation occursin the background, allowing you to continue working in Logic

2 Choose settings in the Import ReCycle file dialog, then click OK.• Don’t Fix: Imports the file as is. All slices of the file overlap, to match the t

Note: If you move the ReCycle file folder to another audio track, the audio channel stripdestination (of the track inside the folder) does not change

When audio or MIDI files are added to or recorded in the Arrange area, they are displayedas regions. This chapter describes the similarities and diffe

Audio Regions and Audio FilesAudio regions simply refer to (point to) an underlying audio file. Audio regions are merelyused as playback markers (star

It is, of course, possible to directly edit, copy, move, and manage audio files. You do thisin the Sample Editor and Audio Bin. Details can be found i

When opened, folders look just like the Arrange area and track list of a project.Alias and Cloned RegionsAliases can be created for MIDI regions and f

Audio regionsMIDI regionsFeatureYes, for flex-enabled audio regions.YesQuantize parameteravailableYes, for flex-enabled audio regions.YesQ-Swing param

There are two kinds of FireWire connectors: a 4-pin connector (typically found on videoequipment such as camcorders or decks) and a 6-pin connector (

Audio regionsMIDI regionsFeatureYesNoLeft corner may bedragged to concealdata at beginningYes, a variable anchor. This affects all regionsderived from

The Sample Editor opens, with the entire region selected.Managing Regions in the Audio BinThe Audio Bin lists all audio files and regions that have be

The Audio Bin tab is ideal for quickly adding files to the Arrange area, as it doesn’t obscureyour workspace. A bar is shown for each audio file, whic

To open the Audio Bin windowµChoose Window > Audio Bin (or use the Open Bin key command, defaultassignment: Command-9).To view a region associated

To check the number of times a region is used in your arrangementµChoose View > Show Region Use Count.Creating and Removing RegionsWhen you add an

Warning: If any of the deleted regions exist in the Arrange area, they are removed aswell. You should therefore be careful when deleting a region (or

Playback starts at the click point. This allows you to play specific sections. Playback stopsas soon as you release the mouse button.Note: This only w

Snapping Edits to Zero CrossingsIf Edit > Snap Edits to Zero Crossings is turned on, adjustments to the start or end positionof a region are snappe

Note: USB audio interfaces should always be directly connected to your computer, notvia a hub or to the computer’s display, keyboard, or another perip

1/4-inch (6.35 mm) Audio1/4-inch (6.35 mm) connectors (sometimes called phono or phone plugs) are used on awide variety of professional and consumer m

AES/EBUThe AES/EBU (Audio Engineering Society/European Broadcasting Union) standard fortransferring digital audio typically uses XLR connectors in pro

Connecting Your MIDI Keyboard and ModulesIf using a simple MIDI master keyboard without internal tone generation facilities, youonly need to connect t

Customizing Your Window Setup87Chapter 4Understanding the Window Types88Opening and Closing Windows90Moving and Resizing Windows93Working at Different

If the MIDI interface connected to your computer only offers one MIDI output, you needto connect the MIDI In of the second tone generator to the keybo

As such, all data sent on MIDI channel 1 will be sent to all four of the daisy-chained MIDItone generators. Each MIDI tone generator will play the inc

For example, if you buy a new keyboard that is to be used without a sequencer, andconnect it to an amplifier, you would expect the device to make a so

Using External Audio EffectsIf you want to send audio to an external (MIDI-controlled) audio effect device, you needto insert the I/O (In/Out) plug-in

µClick the Preferences button in the Arrange toolbar, choose Audio from the pop-up menu,then click the Devices tab.The Devices pane contains three fur

All information about the DAE and Direct TDM panes can be found in the Logic Pro TDMGuide.Setting Up Core Audio DevicesLogic Pro automatically recogni

Networking ConsiderationsThe primary (host) computer will be a Macintosh computer with an Intel core processor,equipped with a Gigabit Ethernet port.

• Click the Preferences button in the Arrange toolbar, choose Audio from the pop-upmenu, then click the Nodes tab.2 Select the Enable Logic Nodes chec

The Track Node buttons have four possible status indicators:DisabledEnabled and inactiveEnabled and activeSync pending• Disabled: The track is calcula

What Can’t Be Processed on a NodeThe Node buttons are available for all audio and software instrument tracks. There are,however, some exceptions:• EXS

Opening Projects163Opening and Creating Projects Automatically166Previewing Projects with Quick Look166Importing Data and Settings from Other Projects

The Logic Pro interface features several areas, each specialized for particular tasks. Thischapter introduces you to the Arrange window, which can inc

Opening Logic ProThere are several ways to open Logic Pro.To open Logic ProDo one of the following:µDouble-click the Logic Pro icon in the Finder >

The following is an overview of the main elements in the Arrange window:Click this button to display the Toolbar.Arrange areaClick this button to disp

• Clicking the Hyper Editor button (above the Transport bar) displays the parametersof the currently selected hyper definition (selected row within th

• Track list: This is where you set the destination channel strip for playback of the MIDIor audio regions on each horizontal track lane. The headers

Using the InspectorThe Inspector can be displayed or hidden by clicking the Inspector button in the Arrangetoolbar. The horizontal size of the Inspect

The following image shows the Inspector when the Arrange area is in key focus.Region Parameter boxTrack Parameter boxArrange channel strips• Region Pa

• Arrange channel strips: The left channel strip controls the output of the selected arrangetrack. The righ channel strip can vary, depending on actio

You can add, edit, delete, and rename audio files and regions in the Bin. All audio filesand regions can be dragged directly from the Bin into the Arr

Bouncing Regions and Tracks in Place255Working with Instruments and Effects261Chapter 10Getting to Know the Arrange Channel Strips261Working with Plug

When you open the Audio Bin as an independent window and resize it, the Bin’s Infocolumn can display waveform overviews of audio files and regions.60

Introducing the Loop BrowserThe Loop Browser is designed to make finding Apple Loops intuitive and efficient. Youcan search for loops by using keyword

Sound Effects view offers effect-related category buttons such as Explosions, Foley, orPeople.Column view offers a standard Mac OS X column file menu

Introducing the LibraryThe Library is a powerful tool that you can use to access the following file types.• Channel strip settings (.cst)• Plug-in set

Introducing the File BrowserThe File Browser allows you to navigate to, or search for, all file types that can be usedin Logic Pro, giving you easy ac

• Path menu: Displays the levels of the file path to the current location, allowing you tomove back to a previous level.• Computer button: Displays th

Working in the Notes AreaThe Notes area can be opened or closed by clicking the Notes button in the Arrangetoolbar. It provides two independent tabs t

Introducing Project NotesThe Project pane displays project-specific notes, of which there can only be one set perproject. You can use this pane to cre

Working in the Lists AreaThe Lists area can be opened or closed by clicking the Lists button in the Arrange toolbar.It provides four independent tabs

The Event List can display two types of data: region-related or event-related. Theinformation that is displayed depends on the current hierarchy leve

Resizing Regions387Cutting, Copying, and Pasting Regions393Adding or Removing Arrangement Passages394Creating Region Aliases398Creating Region Clones4

Introducing the Marker ListThe Marker List displays all markers in the project. You can use it to create new markers,edit existing ones, and to select

Introducing the Tempo ListThe Tempo List displays all tempo changes in the project. You can also use it to createnew tempo events, or to edit existing

You can use the Signature List to create, copy, move, and delete time and key signatureevents.The initial time and key signature of the project is alw

Introducing the MixerThe Mixer is where you mix your project. Each track is played back through a channelstrip. You can adjust the level and pan posit

Introducing the Sample EditorThe Sample Editor displays the contents of audio files as waveform graphics. You can usethe Sample Editor to precisely ed

Introducing the Piano Roll EditorThe Piano Roll Editor displays MIDI notes as beams on a grid. The piano keyboard to theleft is aligned with the note

Details on using the Score Editor can be found in Working with Notation.Introducing the Hyper EditorThe Hyper Editor displays MIDI note or controller

Local Menu BarsA window’s local menu bar contains buttons that access functions specific to the window.For example, the Score Editor provides an enhar

Catch, Link, and Hierarchy ButtonsMost windows contains Catch, Link, and Hierarchy buttons. These are used to tie orassociate Logic Pro windows, and c

Global TracksAll linear editing windows feature global tracks, which are displayed just below the Barruler, when opened. Click the disclosure triangle

Turning MIDI Thru Off When Recording467Using Advanced Recording Commands468Coloring Takes While Recording468Marking a Good Take While Recording470MIDI

• Chord track: Contains chord symbols that can be derived from MIDI regions or createdwith the mouse. These chord symbols may also be inserted into th

The Sample Editor is shown, displaying the contents of the region you just created in theArrange area.5 Click the Audio Bin tab.The Bin contains the a

Tip: If no software instrument track exists, you can also drag the Apple Loop from theLoop Browser directly into the blank Arrange area. A track and c

11 Select the software instrument track, then click the Inspector button.The left channel strip displays the software instrument and effect of the sel

Checkboxes and ButtonsCheckboxes are square boxes that are selected when you click them, in order to activatean option (or function). Click the checkb

If you want to select an item that is outside the visible section of the menu, move themouse over the arrow at the top or bottom edge of the menu. The

Once you have a good understanding of Logic Pro fundamentals, and how you like towork, you can freely assign your own set of key commands. Logic Pro f

Logic Pro allows you to customize your window setup to fit both your working style andthe task at hand. While you will perform most of your work in th

Understanding the Window TypesThere are two different types of windows in Logic Pro: normal windows and floatingwindows.Working in Normal WindowsYou

Key focus areas within windows—such as the Arrange window—are indicated by a whitefocus frame around the focused area.To assign key focus to a window

Making Selections in the Sample Editor552Audio Editing and Processing in the Sample Editor556Adjusting the Project Tempo in the Sample Editor567Using

The Preferences and Project Settings windows are examples of floating windows.Floating windows are usually recognizable by their narrower, gray title

To open a windowDo one of the following:µChoose Window > [window type] (Arrange, Score, and so on) in the main menu bar (oruse the corresponding ke

µDrag a button at the bottom of the Arrange window. The button changes to the editorwindow as you drag it.µDouble-click an audio region in the Arrange

µClick the close button at the top-left corner of the window.µOption-click the close button to close all windows of the active project.Note: If you cl

Here is an example of a possible window setup: Imagine you want to edit the MIDI notesof various MIDI regions. You may want to increase the height of

To adjust the size of a windowDo one of the following:µDrag the lower-right corner of the window, as with any window in the Finder.µPosition the mouse

To minimize a windowDo one of the following:µSelect the window, then choose Window > Minimize (or use the Minimize Window keycommand, default assig

µSet the default size for plug-in windows in the Logic Pro > Preferences > Display > Mixerpane. This scaling applies to all plug-ins.Working

In the Piano Roll and Hyper Editors, a step up the display hierarchy shows the events ofall regions in the Arrange area.Clicking the Hierarchy button

You can move the visible section by clicking the scroll arrows, or dragging the scroller.There are two points to note:• The size relationship of the s