Apple Numbers '08 Instrukcja Użytkownika

Numbers ’08User’s Guide

10 Contents168 Editing Single and Double Arrows169 Editing a Star169 Editing a Polygon17 0 Using Media Placeholders171 Working with Images171 Importin

100 Chapter 6 Using Charts When you select a chart, the cells plotted in it are highlighted in the related table. In addition, colored squares app

Chapter 6 Using Charts 101 Data series are represented differently in different kinds of charts:Â In column charts and bar charts, a data series is

102 Chapter 6 Using Charts Here are ways to add a chart:m To add a chart based on a table, select the table, click Charts in the toolbar, and choo

Chapter 6 Using Charts 103 Changing the Plotting OrientationA data series button in the upper left of the table lets you switch between using colum

104 Chapter 6 Using Charts m To add cells based on a new row or column, select the table and insert the row or column between cells that are alrea

Chapter 6 Using Charts 105 Replacing a Data SeriesYou can change the row or column on which a data series is based to a different row or column.To

106 Chapter 6 Using Charts If you switch to a scatter chart, each point in the chart requires two values. If the chart is based on an odd number o

Chapter 6 Using Charts 107 Here are ways to work with a chart’s legend:m To show the legend, select the chart and then select Show Legend in the Ch

108 Chapter 6 Using Charts Here are ways to rotate 2D charts:m Select the chart, hold down the Command key, move the pointer toward a selection ha

Chapter 6 Using Charts 109 To format the border stroke and color, select the chart and use the line style controls on the Format Bar.Using Axis Tit

Contents 11192 Predefining Sheets for a Custom Template192 Step 5: Save a Custom TemplateChapter 12 193 Dictionary of Functions193 About Functions195

110 Chapter 6 Using Charts Formatting the Value AxisYou can set the values and units to be displayed along the value axis, the axis on which you r

Chapter 6 Using Charts 111 For vertical bar charts (column charts), line charts, and area charts, the Y-axis is the value axis and the X-axis is th

112 Chapter 6 Using Charts Formatting the Elements in a Data SeriesYou can use a variety of visual effects to enhance the appearance of data serie

Chapter 6 Using Charts 113 2 You can use the Format Bar to format font characteristics and style. For additional formatting options, use the Format

114 Chapter 6 Using Charts Showing Series Names in a Pie ChartOn pie charts, you can display series names. To show series names in a pie chart:1 S

Chapter 6 Using Charts 115 Adjusting the Opacity of Pie ChartsYou can change the opacity of the chart and individual chart elements, such as the le

116 Chapter 6 Using Charts You can also move the pointer near a bar edge until it becomes a double-headed arrow, and then drag to make the bars th

Chapter 6 Using Charts 117 Here are ways to format area charts and line charts:m To format symbols, select a data series (area shape or line), clic

118 Chapter 6 Using Charts 3D ChartsAll the chart types except scatter charts can be displayed as 3D charts. Here are 2D and 3D versions of a pie

7 1197 Working with TextThis chapter describes how to add and modify the appearance of text, including lists.In Numbers spreadsheets, you can pl

12 Contents217 COS218 COSH218 COUNT219 COUNTA220 COUNTBLANK220 COUNTIF221 COUPDAYBS221 COUPDAYS222 COUPDAYSNC223 COUPNUM224 COVAR224 DATE225 DATEDIF22

120 Chapter 7 Working with Text Selecting TextBefore you format or perform other operations on text, you need to select the text you want to work

Chapter 7 Working with Text 121 Using the Format Bar to Format TextThe Format Bar makes changing the size and appearance of text in a text box, sha

122 Chapter 7 Working with Text Underlining Text Using the MenusYou can underline text and then format the underline to change the underline style

Chapter 7 Working with Text 123 Changing Text Capitalization Using the MenusYou can quickly make blocks of text all uppercase or lowercase, or form

124 Chapter 7 Working with Text You can change the appearance of any text in your spreadsheet by selecting it and then selecting options in the Fo

Chapter 7 Working with Text 125 A preview of the selected font appears in the preview pane at the top of the Font panel. If you don't see a pr

126 Chapter 7 Working with Text Changing the Paragraph Background Color Using the Font PanelYou can use the Font panel to add a color behind a par

Chapter 7 Working with Text 127 3 Choose Show Keyboard Viewer from the Input menu on the right side of the menu bar (the one that looks like a flag

128 Chapter 7 Working with Text Typing Special Characters and SymbolsUsing the Mac OS X Character Palette, you can insert special characters, such

Chapter 7 Working with Text 129 Using Advanced Typography FeaturesSome fonts, such as Zapfino and Hoefler, have advanced typography features, which

Contents 13240 ISBLANK241 ISERROR241 ISEVEN241 ISODD242 ISPMT242 LARGE243 LCM244 LEFT244 LEN244 LN245 LOG245 LOG10245 LOOKUP246 LOWER246 MATCH247 MAX2

130 Chapter 7 Working with Text Setting Text Alignment, Spacing, and ColorThe primary tools for adjusting alignment, spacing, and color are the Fo

Chapter 7 Working with Text 131 Aligning Text Horizontally You can change the alignment of text in a column, table cell, text box, or shape so that

132 Chapter 7 Working with Text Adjusting the Spacing Between Lines of TextYou can increase or decrease the distance between lines of text.To adju

Chapter 7 Working with Text 133 Adjusting the Spacing Before or After a ParagraphYou can increase or decrease the spacing before or after paragraph

134 Chapter 7 Working with Text Here are ways to change text color:m Click the Text Color color well in the Format Bar. In the color matrix that a

Chapter 7 Working with Text 135 Setting a New Tab StopYou use the horizontal ruler to add a new tab stop. To create a new tab stop:1 Click View in

136 Chapter 7 Working with Text Setting IndentsYou can modify the amount of space between text and the inside border of a text box, shape, table c

Chapter 7 Working with Text 137 3 Drag the Inset Margin slider to the right to increase the space between text and the inside border of the object,

138 Chapter 7 Working with Text Using Bulleted ListsAlthough you can use automatic list generation to create a simple bulleted list, using the Tex

Chapter 7 Working with Text 139 Â To return to regular text at the end of your list, press Return and choose No Bullets from the Bullets & Numb

14 Contents260 PRICEDISC260 PRICEMAT261 PROB262 PRODUCT262 PROPER262 PV263 QUOTIENT263 RADIANS264 RAND264 RANDBETWEEN264 RANK265 RATE266 REPLACE266 RE

140 Chapter 7 Working with Text  To start a new numbered sequence in a list, click “Start at” and specify the number you want the sequence to beg

Chapter 7 Working with Text 141 Â To return to regular text at the end of your list, press Return and choose No Bullets from the Bullets & Numb

142 Chapter 7 Working with Text Use the Columns pop-up menu in the Format Bar to quickly divide text into 1 through 4 columns in a selected text b

Chapter 7 Working with Text 143 4 To add text to a shape that’s part of a group, double-click in the text area of any shape in the group. If you re

144 Chapter 7 Working with Text 4 Type the webpage’s address in the URL field.Linking to a Preaddressed Email MessageYou can add a hyperlink that

Chapter 7 Working with Text 145 m Click outside the hyperlink text, and use the arrow keys to move the insertion point into the text. Inserting Pag

146 Chapter 7 Working with Text To automatically convert the letters in “1st,” “2nd,” “3rd,“ and so on into superscripts, select “Superscript nume

Chapter 7 Working with Text 147 The first misspelled word found is highlighted. You can correct it or choose the same menu command again to continu

148 Chapter 7 Working with Text Finding and Replacing TextYou can find every instance of a word or phrase in your spreadsheet, and optionally chan

8 1498 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other ObjectsThis chapter describes techniques for adding and modifying images, shapes, sound, and oth

Contents 15280 TAN281 TANH281 TIME282 TIMEVALUE282 TODAY283 TRIM283 TRUE283 TRUNC284 UPPER284 VALUE284 VAR285 VARA286 VARP286 VARPA287 VDB288 VLOOKUP2

150 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Copying or Duplicating ObjectsThe technique you use to copy an object depends on wh

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 151 m To precisely align objects by their edges or centers, you can use alignment guides

152 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Middle: Moves objects vertically so that their centers align horizontally to the f

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 153 Creating New Alignment GuidesYou can create your own alignment guides to help you pl

154 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Modifying ObjectsYou can resize objects, change their orientation, modify their bor

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 155 You can also click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Metrics Inspector button, and

156 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Framing ObjectsEnclose your images, shapes, text boxes, movies, and media placehold

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 157 To quickly add or remove a shadow, you can select the object and then select or dese

158 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Adding a ReflectionYou can add a reflection to an object that reflects vertically d

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 159 For shapes, you can set opacity for fill and stroke colors separately from object op

Preface16 Welcome to the Numbers User’s GuideThis full-color PDF document provides extensive instructions for using Numbers.Before using this docume

160 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Locking and Unlocking ObjectsYou can lock objects to avoid inadvertently moving the

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 161 To invert the gradient, click the double-headed arrow next to the color wells.Instru

162 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects To select a color:1 Open the Colors window by clicking Colors in the toolbar or cli

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 163 4 Choose an image scale from the pop-up menu.Scale To Fit: Resizes the image to fit

164 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Using ShapesNumbers comes with predrawn shapes. You can also create your own custom

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 165 4 Repeat step 3 to create additional points as required. Every time you add a new po

166 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Manipulating Points of a ShapeYou can change the contour of a shape by adding, movi

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 167 3 To expand or contract the curve, drag the circular control or one of the control h

168 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Editing Specific Predrawn ShapesSome predrawn shapes have special built-in editing

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 169 Editing a StarThe star shape has a slider for increasing and decreasing the number o

Preface Welcome to the Numbers User’s Guide 17 The following table tells you where to find information in this guide. In Numbers Help, you can find

170 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Using Media PlaceholdersSome Numbers templates contain media placeholders. You can

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 171 m To convert a placeholder image into an ordinary image, select the image, choose Fo

172 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects Masking (Cropping) ImagesYou can crop images without actually changing the image fi

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 173 Masking an Image with a ShapeYou can use a shape to define the boundaries of an imag

174 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 3 Click the color you want to make transparent, and then drag slowly over it.As you

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 175 2 Choose View > Show Adjust Image to open the Adjust Image window.3 Use the contr

176 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 4 To restore the original settings, click Reset Image. To save any changes you made

Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects 177 Using Sound and MoviesYou can add sound, movies, and Flash files to your spreadsheet

178 Chapter 8 Working with Shapes, Graphics, and Other Objects m Choose Insert > Choose, select the movie file, and then click Insert.m To add

9 1799 Adding Address Book Data to a TableThis chapter tells you how to add contact information stored in Address Book and vCards to a Numbers t

118 1 Numbers Tools and TechniquesThis chapter introduces you to the windows and tools you use to work with Numbers spreadsheets.When you create a N

180 Chapter 9 Adding Address Book Data to a Table Mapping Column Names to Address Book Field NamesThe following table summarizes the Address Book

Chapter 9 Adding Address Book Data to a Table 181 Home AIM Home IM, Home IM handle, Home IM name, Home IM address, Home chat, Home chat handle, Hom

182 Chapter 9 Adding Address Book Data to a Table Adding Address Book Data to an Existing TableYou can add data from Address Book or from a vCard

10 18310 Sharing Your Numbers SpreadsheetThis chapter describes the various ways you can distribute your Numbers spreadsheet so others can view

184 Chapter 10 Sharing Your Numbers Spreadsheet Type the number of copies you want to print in the Copies field, and then select Collated if you w

Chapter 10 Sharing Your Numbers Spreadsheet 185 4 To print double-sided, choose Layout from the pop-up menu below the Presets pop-up menu, and then

186 Chapter 10 Sharing Your Numbers Spreadsheet For more information about ColorSync and Quartz filters, see ColorSync Utility Help by opening the

Chapter 10 Sharing Your Numbers Spreadsheet 187 Sending a Spreadsheet to iWebIf you use (or intend to use) iWeb to create a website, you can send a

11188 11 Designing Your Own Numbers Spreadsheet TemplatesThis chapter is for designers who want to create their own spreadsheet templates.This chapt

Chapter 11 Designing Your Own Numbers Spreadsheet Templates 189 Step 2: Define Reusable Tables A template has one or more reusable tables, which l

Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques 19 Pick the template that best fits your purpose. If you want to start from a plain spreadsheet, without pre

190 Chapter 11 Designing Your Own Numbers Spreadsheet Templates Defining Default Attributes for Text Boxes and ShapesThe default attributes of tex

Chapter 11 Designing Your Own Numbers Spreadsheet Templates 191 Step 4: Create Initial Spreadsheet ContentYou can use predefined content to model

192 Chapter 11 Designing Your Own Numbers Spreadsheet Templates Predefining Sheets for a Custom TemplateAdd multiple sheets to a template when it

12 19312 Dictionary of FunctionsThis chapter describes functions you can use in cell formulas.This chapter describes each of the functions you c

194 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions The following table defines terms that are commonly used in function descriptions. There are several catego

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 195 Date and Time FunctionsThe date and time functions perform calculations on date, time, or numeric expression

196 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions Financial FunctionsThese functions operate on numbers and require numeric expressions as arguments. Unless

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 197 NPV (page 254) Calculates the net present value of an investment based on a series of future cash flows and

198 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions Logical FunctionsThe logical functions evaluate the logical truth or falsehood of expressions and return TR

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 199 Reference FunctionsReference functions help you find data in tables and retrieve data from cells.Numbers pro

K Apple Inc.© 2008 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the writte

20 Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques The Numbers WindowThe Numbers window has elements that help you develop and organize your spreadsheet. Â

200 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions Numeric Functions The numeric functions calculate commonly used mathematical values.Numbers provides these

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 201 Trigonometric FunctionsThe trigonometric functions take radians as arguments.Numbers provides these trigonom

202 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions Statistical FunctionsStatistical functions perform statistical calculations and require numeric expressions

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 203 PERCENTILE (page 256) Finds the value within a range of values that corresponds to a particular percentile.P

204 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions Text FunctionsThe text functions help you work with strings of characters.Numbers provides these text funct

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 205 Function DescriptionsThe function descriptions in this section are arranged in alphabetical order by functio

206 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 3 uses actual/365 (calendar days for each month but 365 days per year).4 uses 30E/360 (European 30/360). A

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 207 NotesTo see the resulting angle in degrees instead of radians, use the DEGREES function. ACOSHThe ACOSH fun

208 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions  table: Optional; the name of the table. If the table is on another sheet, you must also include the name

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 209 ASINThe ASIN function returns the arcsine (the inverse sine) of a number. While the SIN function takes an

Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques 21 Â Use buttons in the toolbar to quickly add tables, charts, text boxes, media files, and other objects. F

210 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions NotesTo see the resulting angle in degrees instead of radians, use the DEGREES function. ATAN2The ATAN2 fu

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 211 AVERAGEThe AVERAGE function calculates the average (arithmetic mean) of a set of numbers.AVERAGE(number, [

212 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions CEILINGThe CEILING function rounds a number away from zero to the nearest multiple of the specified facto

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 213 NotesNot all numbers in a character are associated with a printable character.You can use the Character Pale

214 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions CODEThe CODE function returns the Unicode code number of the first character in a specified string.CODE(t

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 215 COLUMNSThe COLUMNS function counts how many columns are in a range of cells.COLUMNS(cell-range)Â cell-range:

216 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions CONCATENATEThe CONCATENATE function joins (concatenates) strings.CONCATENATE(string, [string, . . .])Â stri

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 217 CORRELThe CORREL function calculates the correlation between two data sets based on linear regression analys

218 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions COSHThe COSH function calculates the hyperbolic cosine of a number.COSH(number)Â number: Any real number.

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 219 COUNTAThe COUNTA function counts the number of arguments and referenced cells that are not empty.COUNTA(valu

22 Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques Print ViewWhen you want to print a sheet or make a PDF of it, you can use Print View to visualize the la

220 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions COUNTBLANKThe COUNTBLANK function counts the number of cells in a range that are empty.COUNTBLANK(range)Â r

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 221 COUPDAYBSThe COUPDAYBS function counts the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period in which s

222 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 4 means quarterly payments (four per year). day-count: Optional; specifies the number of days per month a

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 223 2 uses actual/360 (calendar days for each month but 360 days per year).3 uses actual/365 (calendar days for

224 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions COVARThe COVAR function calculates the covariance of two data sets.COVAR(range1, range2)Â range1: A refe

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 225 DATEDIFThe DATEDIF function finds the number of days, months, or years between two dates.DATEDIF(start-date,

226 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions DAYThe DAY function extracts the day number from a date.DAY(date-time)Â date-time: Any valid Numbers date.

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 227 DDBThe DDB function calculates the depreciation of an asset based on a specified depreciation rate. If you d

228 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions DISCThe DISC function calculates the discount rate of a security.DISC(settle, maturity, price, value, [day-

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 229 EDATEThe EDATE function finds a new date some number of months before or after a given date.EDATE(date, mo

Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques 23 The Styles PaneThe styles pane lets you quickly apply predefined formatting to tables in a spreadsheet. T

230 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions EXACTThe EXACT function returns TRUE if the argument strings are identical in case and characters.EXACT(str

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 231 FALSEThe FALSE function returns the Boolean value FALSE. It is included so you can use spreadsheets created

232 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions FIXEDThe FIXED function rounds a number to the specified number of decimal places and then converts the res

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 233 FORECASTThe FORECAST function uses linear regression analysis of known value pairs to find the y (dependen

234 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions  present-value: Optional; the present value of the investment, specified as a negative number. when-due:

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 235 Â exact-match: Optional Boolean value; determines whether an exact match is required:TRUE, 1, or omitted se

236 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions HYPERLINKThe HYPERLINK function creates a clickable link that opens a webpage or new email message window.H

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 237 INDEXThe INDEX function retrieves the value in the cell located at the intersection of the specified row and

238 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions INTINT returns the nearest integer that is less than or equal to the number.INT(number)Â number: The num

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 239 IPMTThe IPMT function calculates the interest portion of a payment for a loan or investment at a specified

24 Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques The ToolbarThe Numbers toolbar gives you one-click access to many of the actions you perform as you work

240 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions IRRThe IRR function calculates the internal rate of return for an investment that is based on a series of p

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 241 ISERRORThe ISERROR function returns TRUE if the expression in the function’s argument evaluates to an error

242 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions ISPMTThe ISPMT function calculates the interest due for a particular payment period of an investment. ISP

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 243 LCMThe LCM function finds the least common multiple of the specified numbers. Sometimes called the lowest

244 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions LEFTThe LEFT function retrieves the specified number of characters from the left end of a string.LEFT(text,

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 245 LOGThe LOG function calculates the logarithm of a number with a specified base.LOG(number, [base])Â number:

246 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions LOWERThe LOWER function converts uppercase characters in text to lowercase.LOWER(text)Â text: A text exp

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 247 NotesWhen searching for text, case is ignored.MATCH works only on a range that is part of a single row or co

248 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions MAXAThe MAXA function finds the largest number in a set of values. In addition to numeric values, text valu

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 249 MINThe MIN function finds the smallest number in the list of arguments.MIN(number, [number, . . .])Â numbe

Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques 25 The Format BarUse the Format Bar, displayed beneath the toolbar, to quickly change the appearance of tabl

250 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions MINUTEThe MINUTE function extracts the minutes from a date or time.MINUTE(date-time)Â date-time: Any valid

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 251 MODEThe MODE function finds the most frequently occurring value in a set of numbers.MODE(number, [number,

252 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions MROUNDThe MROUND function rounds a number to the nearest multiple of a specified factor.MROUND(number, fact

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 253 NOWThe NOW function gets the current date and time from the computer’s clock. Time zones aren’t taken into a

254 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions NPVThe NPV function calculates the net present value of an investment based on a series of future cash fl

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 255 OFFSETThe OFFSET function retrieves a range of cells that is the specified number of rows and columns away f

256 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions PERCENTILEThe PERCENTILE function finds the value within a range of values that corresponds to a particular

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 257 PMTThe PMT function calculates fixed, periodic payments, given the interest rate, number of periods, present

258 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions POWERThe POWER function raises a number, the base, to a power, the exponent. Produces the same result as

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 259 NotesBe sure that the interest rate is expressed as the rate per period. For example, if the interest rate i

26 Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques Here are ways to open an Inspector window:m Click Inspector in the toolbar.m Choose View > Show Inspe

260 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions PRICEDISCThe PRICEDISC function calculates the price of a discounted security per $100 par value.PRICEDISC(

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 261 PROBThe PROB function calculates the probability of a range of values if you know the probabilities of the

262 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions PRODUCTThe PRODUCT function calculates the product of the numbers in the arguments.PRODUCT(number, [number,

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 263 Â future-value: Optional; the future value of the investment or cash value remaining after final payment. I

264 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions RANDThe RAND function generates a random number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.RAND()Â No argum

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 265 NotesEqual numbers are ranked the same, but each counts as a rank position, so the next different number doe

266 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions  estimate: Optional; an initial rough estimate of the interest rate. If omitted, 10% is used. Try adjusti

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 267 RIGHTThe RIGHT function retrieves the specified number of characters from the right end of a string.RIGHT(te

268 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions ROUNDThe ROUND function rounds a number to the specified number of places. ROUND(number, digits)Â number:

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 269 NotesOther functions related to rounding numbers: CEILING, INT, ROUND, ROUNDUP, TRUNC. ROUNDUPThe ROUNDUP f

Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques 27 Â Using the Function Browser is the fastest way to add a function. A function is a predefined formula tha

270 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions ROWThe ROW function returns the row number of the specified cell.ROW([cell])Â cell: Optional; a reference

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 271 SECONDThe SECOND function extracts the seconds from a date.SECOND(datetime)Â date-time: Any valid Numbers

272 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions SINHThe SINH function calculates the hyperbolic sine of the specified number.SINH(number)Â number: Any n

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 273 SLOPEThe SLOPE function calculates the slope of the best-fit line for the data set based on linear regressio

274 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions SQRTThe SQRT function calculates the square root of a number.SQRT(number)Â number: A nonnegative numeric

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 275 STDEVAThe STDEVA function calculates the standard deviation of a set of values, including text and Boolean

276 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions If the values you are analyzing are only a sample of a larger population, you might want to use the STDEV f

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 277 SUBSTITUTEThe SUBSTITUTE function replaces a string of characters with new text. You can replace individual

278 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions SUMIFThe SUMIF function calculates the sum of a set of numbers, but includes only numbers that satisfy a sp

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 279 NotesIf any cell in any of the ranges contains a nonnumeric value, values in corresponding cells are not inc

28 Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques The Media BrowserThe Media Browser provides access to all the media files in your iPhoto library, your i

280 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions TThe T function retrieves text from a cell. If the cell doesn’t contain a string, T returns an empty string

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 281 TANHThe TANH function returns the hyperbolic tangent of the specified number.TANH(number)Â number: Any numb

282 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions TIMEVALUEThe TIMEVALUE function converts a date, a time, or a text string to a decimal fraction of a 24-hou

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 283 TRIMThe TRIM function removes extra spaces from text. TRIM removes all spaces before the first character, al

284 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions UPPERThe UPPER function converts text to uppercase.UPPER(text)Â text: The text you want to convert to up

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 285 NotesThe VAR function divides the sum of the squares of the deviations of the data points by one less than t

286 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions VARPThe VARP function calculates the population (true) variance of a set of numbers.VARP(number, [number, .

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 287 VDBThe VDB (variable declining balance) function calculates the depreciation of an asset over a chosen time

288 Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions VLOOKUPThe VLOOKUP function retrieves a value from a range of columns by using a match with a left column v

Chapter 12 Dictionary of Functions 289 WEEKDAYThe WEEKDAY function converts a date to a number that represents the day of the week using one of thr

Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques 29 The Font PanelUsing the Mac OS X Font panel, accessible from any application, you can change a font’s typ

Index290 Index3D chartsdefining scene settings 118modifying the viewing angle 118AABS mathematical function 205ACCRINT financial function 205ACCR

Index 291 conditional formatting 67CONFIDENCE statistical function 216CORREL statistical function 217COSH trigonometric function 218COS trigonomet

292 Index HOUR date/time function 235Hyperlink Inspector 143, 144HYPERLINK lookup function 236hyperlinksediting hyperlink text 144to a preaddresse

Index 293 fraction format 63number format 59percentage format 61scientific format 63numeric functions 200Oobjectsadding a custom shape 164adding

294 Index ROWS lookup function 270rulershowing and hiding 134using to change a tab stop 135using to delete a tab stop 135using to set a new tab st

Index 295 tablesadding 45adding color banding to rows 73adding columns 70adding rows 69copying among iWork applications 50creating a footer row

3 1 Contents Preface 16 Welcome to the Numbers User’s Guide Chapter 1 18 Numbers Tools and Techniques18 Spreadsheet Templates 20 The Number

30 Chapter 1 Numbers Tools and Techniques Keyboard Shortcuts and Shortcut MenusYou can use the keyboard to perform many of the Numbers menu comman

2 312 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet This chapter describes how to manage Numbers spreadsheets.You can create a Numbers spreadsheet by openi

32 Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet To create a new spreadsheet:1 Open Numbers by clicking its icon in the Dock or by double-clicking

Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet 33 Importing a DocumentYou can create a new Numbers spreadsheet by importing a document created in Mic

34 Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet Saving SpreadsheetsWhen you create a Numbers spreadsheet, all of the graphics are saved with the s

Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet 35 You can also send a spreadsheet to iWeb. For more information, see “Sending a Spreadsheet to iWeb”

36 Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet Saving Search Terms for a SpreadsheetYou can store such information as author name and keywords in

Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet 37 If you’ve made changes since you last saved the spreadsheet, Numbers prompts you to save.Using Shee

38 Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet Adding and Deleting SheetsThere are several ways to add and delete sheets. Here are ways to create

Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet 39 Changing Sheet NamesA name distinguishes each sheet in the Sheets pane. The sheet name is assigned

4 Contents 36 Saving a Copy of a Spreadsheet 36 Closing a Spreadsheet Without Quitting Numbers 37 Using Sheets to Organize a Spreadsheet 37 Viewing S

40 Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet Here are ways to show or hide Print View:m Click View in the toolbar, and then choose Show Print V

Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet 41 Using Headers and FootersYou can have the same text appear on multiple pages in a sheet. Recurring

42 Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet To avoid showing header rows or columns when a table spans pages, deselect “Repeat header cells on

Chapter 2 Working with a Numbers Spreadsheet 43 Setting Page MarginsIn Print View, every sheet’s page has margins (blank space between the sheet’s

344 3 Using TablesThis chapter tells you how to add and format tables and cell values.Several other chapters provide instructions that focus on part

Chapter 3 Using Tables 45 Working with TablesUse a variety of techniques to create tables and manage their characteristics, size, and location. Add

46 Chapter 3 Using Tables m Use the Table Inspector to access table-specific controls, such as fields for precisely controlling column width and r

Chapter 3 Using Tables 47 m Use table styles to adjust the appearance of tables quickly and consistently. See “Using Table Styles” on page 79 for m

48 Chapter 3 Using Tables Resizing a TableYou can make a table larger or smaller by dragging one of its selection handles or by using the Metrics

Chapter 3 Using Tables 49 m To move a table more precisely, click any cell, click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Metrics Inspector button, and

Contents 5 62 Using the Date and Time Format 63 Using the Fraction Format 63 Using the Scientific Format 64 Using the Text Format 65 Using a Checkbox

50 Chapter 3 Using Tables 3 Define the table’s geometry.To resize the table, see “Resizing a Table” on page 48 and “Resizing Table Rows and Column

Chapter 3 Using Tables 51 To copy a table from one iWork application to another:1 Select the table you want to copy, as “Selecting a Table” on page

52 Chapter 3 Using Tables When a cell is selected, use the Tab, Return, and arrow keys to move the selection to an adjacent cell. Selecting “Retur

Chapter 3 Using Tables 53 To select an entire row or column:1 Select any table cell so that the reference tabs are showing.2 To select a column, cl

54 Chapter 3 Using Tables You can also use the Cell Borders buttons in the Table Inspector to select a border segment.m To select and deselect seg

Chapter 3 Using Tables 55 m To replace everything in the cell, select the cell and then begin typing. If “Return key moves to next cell” isn’t sele

56 Chapter 3 Using Tables m To control font attributes, use the text formatting buttons in the Format Bar.You can also use the Font panel (click F

Chapter 3 Using Tables 57 Working with Dates in CellsUnless a cell has a date and time format associated with it, when you type a value that can be

58 Chapter 3 Using Tables m If cell values aren’t visible because rows are too narrow, you can use the Fit button next to the Row Height controls

Chapter 3 Using Tables 59 m After you define a cell format, you can associate the format with multiple cells by using autofilling. See “Autofilling

6 Contents 86 Performing Instant Calculations87 Adding a Quick Formula87 Performing a Basic Calculation Using Column Values88 Performing a Basic Calc

60 Chapter 3 Using Tables Using the Currency FormatUse the currency format to format the display of monetary values. To define a currency format t

Chapter 3 Using Tables 61 Using the Percentage FormatUse the percentage format to display numeric values followed by the % symbol. If the value is

62 Chapter 3 Using Tables 5 To specify how to display negative values, choose an entry from the pop-up menu adjacent to the Decimals field.6 To sp

Chapter 3 Using Tables 63 Using the Fraction FormatUse the fraction format to control the display of values smaller than 1. For example, 27.5 displ

64 Chapter 3 Using Tables To define a scientific format that displays two decimal places, select one or more cells and then choose Scientific from

Chapter 3 Using Tables 65 Using a Checkbox and Other Control FormatsYou can add a checkbox, slider, stepper, or pop-up menu to a cell: Â A checkbox

66 Chapter 3 Using Tables m To add a slider, click the More Cell Formats button in the Format Bar and then choose Slider in the pop-up menu. A sli

Chapter 3 Using Tables 67 m To add a stepper, click the More Cell Formats button in the Format Bar and then choose Stepper in the pop-up menu to cr

68 Chapter 3 Using Tables 8 To add another rule, click + and repeat steps 5 through 7.If more than one rule is defined for a cell and the cell’s c

Chapter 3 Using Tables 69 To create new values based on numeric patterns, select two or more cells before dragging. For example, if two selected ce

Contents 7109 Using Axis Titles109 Showing Data Point Labels11 0 Formatting the Value Axis11 0 Placing Labels, Gridlines, and Tick Marks11 2 Formattin

70 Chapter 3 Using Tables Adding ColumnsYou can add new columns to a table. Here are ways to add columns:m To add a single column, hover your poin

Chapter 3 Using Tables 71 Here are ways to delete rows or columns:m Select the row(s) or column(s) or a cell in them, and then choose Table > De

72 Chapter 3 Using Tables m Select the table and then choose one of the following from the Table menu: Add Header Row, Delete Header Row, Add Head

Chapter 3 Using Tables 73 Resizing Table Rows and ColumnsResize all rows and columns so they’re equal in size, or resize only specific rows and col

74 Chapter 3 Using Tables Working with Table CellsYou can split and merge table cells, resize them, format them, hide them, add comments, and more

Chapter 3 Using Tables 75 Formatting Table Cell BordersYou can change the line thickness and color of table cell borders. Or you can hide the cell

76 Chapter 3 Using Tables Copying and Moving CellsYou can use commands or dragging to move or copy table cells.Here are ways to copy and move cell

Chapter 3 Using Tables 77 m To delete a comment, click the X in the upper right of the comment box.m To include comments when you print a sheet, sh

78 Chapter 3 Using Tables The following table describes how different types of data are sorted in ascending or descending order. Filtering RowsYou

4 794 Working with Table StylesThis chapter explains how to use table styles to quickly and consistently manage the appearance of tables.You can

8 Contents12 6 Changing the Paragraph Background Color Using the Font Panel12 6 Creating Shadows on Text Using the Font Panel12 6 Adding Accents and S

80 Chapter 4 Working with Table Styles Applying Table StylesAfter applying a table style to a table, you can change any of the formatting defined

Chapter 4 Working with Table Styles 81 m To format text in one or more cells, select the cells.To modify the color, alignment, and spacing of text

82 Chapter 4 Working with Table Styles Creating New Table StylesYou can create a new table style by reformatting a table and saving the formatting

5 835 Using Formulas and Functions in TablesThis chapter tells you how to perform calculations in table cells using formulas and functions.See C

84 Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables Here’s a formula that adds the values in nine cells of the first column: SUM(A2:A10). There is

Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 85 3 If the value in a Quantity cell or in a Unit Price cell changes, the formula associated with

86 Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 6 The values in the Cost column are formatted for display using a cell format (currency). To s

Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 87 2 To perform another set of instant calculations, select different cells.If you find a particul

88 Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables Here are ways to perform basic calculations using values in a column:m To use values in a rang

Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 89 Here are ways to open the Formula Editor:m Select a table cell and then type the equal sign (=)

Contents 9146 Checking for Spelling Mistakes146 Finding Misspelled Words147 Working with Spelling Suggestions148 Finding and Replacing TextChapter 8 1

90 Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 3 To save changes, press Return, press Enter, or click the Accept button in the Formula Editor

Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 91 Editing a Formula with the Formula BarYou can use the Formula Bar when you want to edit a formu

92 Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables Here are ways to add a cell reference at the insertion point in the text field:m To create a r

Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 93 If the table is large and you want to move the formula to a cell that’s out of view, select the

94 Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables To view error and warning messages:m Click the icon.A message window summarizes each error and

Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 95 Understanding the Arithmetic Operators Arithmetic operators in table cell formulas perform arit

96 Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables Understanding the Comparison Operators Comparison operators compare two values and return TRUE

Chapter 5 Using Formulas and Functions in Tables 97 To use the Function Browser to add a function:1 Select the cell in which you want to add a func

698 6 Using ChartsYou can convert table data into attractive charts. This chapter describes how to create and format charts.Numbers provides tools f

Chapter 6 Using Charts 99 There are several ways to represent the data in this table in a chart. In a bar chart, for example:Â You can plot 2007 em